Mortgage Insurance Cancellation: Myths and Realities
When it comes to private mortgage insurance (PMI), there are several myths that exist that make buyers reluctant to consider a conventional loan with PMI as an option when purchasing a Home. One of the more common misconceptions is that cancelling PMI is a difficult—not to mention time-consuming—process.
The irony is that the majority of buyers don’t harbor those same beliefs or reservations about an FHA insured loan when, in reality, FHA coverage may be less easily cancelled, or take longer to cancel, than PMI.
HPA Makes Cancellation Clearer
When it went into effect as a new federal law, the Homeowners Protection Act (HPA) of 1998—which applies to both FHA and PMI insured loans—required lenders and servicers to provide disclosures regarding MI for residential loans obtained on or after July 29, 1999. Prior to this, consumers were responsible for requesting PMI cancellation if they met two factors: one, their loan balance was paid down to 80 percent of the property; and two, they had a good payment history.
While many lenders obliged consumer requests to drop PMI coverage, consumers had sole responsibility for keeping track of their loan balance.
The HPA established three different times when a lender or servicer must notify consumers of their rights.
At loan closing, lenders must disclose:
• The right to request PMI cancellation and the date on which the request can be made
• The requirement that PMI be automatically terminated and the date on which this will occur
• Any exemptions to the right to cancellation or automatic termination
• A written initial amortization schedule for fixed-rate loans only
Each year, loan servicers must send borrowers a written statement that discloses:
• The right to cancel or terminate PMI
• An address and telephone number to contact the loan servicer for determining when PMI may be cancelled
When MI coverage is cancelled or terminated, lenders must send a notification to borrowers stating:
• PMI has been terminated, and the borrower no longer has PMI coverage
• No further PMI premiums are due
Termination of Coverage
Under the terms of the HPA, mortgage lenders or servicers must automatically cancel borrower-paid MI coverage when the mortgage has amortized to 78 percent of the original property value, with all unearned premiums returned to the borrower within 45 days of the cancellation or termination date. This provision also requires that the borrower be current on mortgage payments required by the terms of the loan, and if the loan is delinquent on the date of automatic termination, a lender must terminate the coverage as soon as the loan becomes current.
Cancellation of Coverage
Also under the HPA, a homeowner has the right to request PMI cancellation when the mortgage balance reaches 80 percent of the original property value. All payments must be current, meaning a homeowner must not be 30 days late on a mortgage payment within one year of their request, or 60 days late within two years.
However, a borrower can only initiate a cancellation request for FHA based on their prepayment of the loan, and even then, it can only be requested beginning five years after the loan origination date.
With PMI, homeowners can request cancellation based on prepayment of the loan, as well as an appraisal. Despite falling property values, it’s possible for homeowners to gain enough equity in their home to request cancellation in less than five years based on a home appraisal.
